Apparatus for equipping crystals with wires



July 8, 1952 A. w. ZIEGLER 2,602,872

APPARATUS FOR EQUIIPPING CRYSTALS WITH WIRES Filed Dec. 30, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.

INVENTOR By AW Z/EGLER ATTOR/ZI y 1952 A. w. ZIEGLER ,60 ,87

APPARATUS FOR EQUIPPING CRYSTALS WITH WIRES Filed Dec. 50, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 F IG. 8

//5 i agape cnrsm-- 7 M 1 97 27 Flag 32 29 lNl ENTOR By A.W.Z/EG. ER

\ TQM ACLWM/ ATTOR EV July 8, 1952 A. w. ZIEGLER 2,502,872

APPARATUS FOR EQUIFPING CRYSTALS WITH WIRES Filed Dec. 30, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 9/ I I I FIG. /2

INVENTOR By AWZ/EGLER MQNHqWWMk ATTORNEY July 8, 1952 A. w. ZIEGLER 2,602,872

APPARATUS FOR EQUIPPING CRYSTALS WITH WIRES Filed Dec. 30, 1948 '5 Sheets-Sheet 4 WIRE INVENTOR By AW Z/EGLER ATTORNEY y A. w. ZIEGLER 2,602,872

APPARATUS FOR EQUIPPING CRYSTALS WITH WIRES Filed Dec. 30, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I32 INISULATIOIV Pl. am; 5/? /30 INVENTOR A. W Z/EGLER A 7' TORNE V Patented July 8, 1952 APPARATUS FOR EQUIPPING CRYSTALS WITH WIRES Arthur w. Ziegler, Short Hills, N. J., assignor to Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application December 30, 1948, Serial No. 68,223

This invention relates to apparatus for equipping frangible. objects with wires and wire connecting parts and morep'articularly to apparatus suitable for equipping crystals with wires.

An objectof the invention is to provide improved apparatus' for equipping crystals with plates and securing wires to the plates.

A feature of the invention resides in a plate holding and attaching apparatus operable to equip a crystal with plates in accordance with the invention.

Another feature resides in a wire holding and attaching apparatus operable to mount wires in place on the plates attached to the crystals.

Another feature resides in a movable and heatable head in the plate holding and attaching apparatus.

Another feature resides in a movable and heatable head in the wire holding and attaching apparatus.

In the drawings: I Fig. l is a top plan view of theplate holding and attaching apparatus of the invention;

' Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the plate holding and attaching apparatus shown in Fig.1;

1 I Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2 but with head members in the apparatus tilted to a different position; I I

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of portions of two plate-holding heads and a crystal holding jig in the plate holding and attaching apparatus;

Fig. 5 shows the apparatus shown in Fig. 4 but with the heads in position to equip the crystal with the required plates. Fig. 6 shows a crystal etched preparatory to the attachment of the plates;

Fig. '7 shows the crystal with a plate attached thereto;

Fig. 8 shows a larger crystal with two plates attached on a single face of the crystal;

Fig. 9 is an edge view of a crystal with plates attached; I i I 1 'Fig. 10 is an enlarged edgeview, partly in section, of a portion of a crystal with plates mounted 'on the crystal; w

Fig. 10-A is an edge View of one of the plates;

Fig. 11 is a top plan view of a modified form of the wire holding and attaching apparatus of the invention;

Fig. 12 is a front elevational view of the wir holding. and attaching apparatus 01' the invention;

19 Claims. (01'. 219-12) Fig. 14 is a side view of the crystal-holding jig with a crystal therein;

Fig; 15 is an edge View partly in section of a portion of the jig and taken on the line l5|5 in Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a side edge view of the jig shownin Fig. 14;

Fig. '17 is an enlarged view, partly in section,

of a portion of a crystal with a plate attached and a portion of a wire ready for its securement to the plate;

Fig. 18 showsthe parts illustrated in'Fig. 1'7 with the wire secured to the plate;

' Fig. 19 shows the parts illustrated in Fig. 18

but with a metal coating extending over part of the crystal and over the connection formed between the wire and the plate;

Fig. 20 is an enlarged view of one of the heads in the wire holding and attaching apparatus and shows a portion of the jig and crystaLa wire being supportedin the head ready for attachment to a plate on the crystal; v

Fig. 21 is a View corresponding to Fig. 20 but with portions of two heads and with the heads moved nearer to the crystal and the wires in attached position on the plates;-'

fig. 22 is an enlarged view, partly in section, of portions of the heads shown in the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 11 and operated to equip a crystal with four wires; I

Fig. 23 is a view in perspective of a crystal equipped with two wires;

Fig. 24 is a view in perspective of a crystal equipped with four wires;

Fig. 25 shows a crystal equipped with four wires and with metal coatings on major flat surfaces of the crystal, each metal coating extending over a portion of the crystal and over parts of the wire connection; and

Fig. 26 is an enlarged edge view, partly in sec- 7 tion, of a portion'of a crystal equipped with wires and with metal coatings extending over portions of the crystal and over parts of the wire connecting structures. j v j Crystals having piezoelectric properties are often required to beequipped with wires to provide a crystal element suitable for use in an electrical system. The wires provide electrical leads for the crystal and also serve as means for supporting the crystal while still allowing the crystal'to vibrate in performing its required funct ion.' In some casesthe' crystal isplate-like in form and 'eac'h'wire is so 1' nounted on'the crys- 5 5 tal that the wireextends angularlyoutw'ardjfrom a major flat surface of the crystal. "Since" the 3 crystal moves in performing its required electrical function, it is a desideratum that any mechanical loading of the crystal by the wires be reduced to a minimum.

A relatively small metal plate and some solder are in some cases used to mount the wire on the crystal. In mounting the wire on the crystal sufiicient heat must be applied to melt the solder and it has been found in some cases that when sufficient heat is applied to cause melting of the solder the crystal is subjected to such thermal shock and stress that the crystal becomes fractured in whole or in part and is thereby rendered unfit for the service required.

Crystals made of synthetic material and those Within the water soluble class are often found to be quite fragile, and will sometimes be fractured in whole or in part when subjected to a relatively high temperature. For instance, if a crystal is made of ethylene diamine tartrate material and an attempt is made to solder connect a wire to a metal surface on the crystal, it is quite likely that the crystal willbe fractured by thermal shocker .that the shock will cause small particles of the crystal material to be thrown off from the body of the crystal, thus rendering the crystal unsuitable for the particular use required. a

I have found that a crystal of frangible materialcan be safely'equipped with a wire by securing aplatebymeans of adhesive to the crystal and then solder-connecting the wire to the plate,

the layer of adhesive forming not only a means 7 pr'ovideanetched area 28 on a major fiat surface 29 of the crystal. The opposite major flat surfaceee ef the crystal'zl' as shown in Fig. lO is also etched to-provide an etched area 3| in register with'and corresponding to the etched area ZfB on themaj or flat surface 29. The etched areas 28 and 3| provide suitable emooth surfaces on the crystal for the 'securement thereto of plates 32 and 33 respectively shown in Figs. '7, 9 and 10.

E'ach'plat 32mm 33 before attachmentto the crystal and as shown in 16A is of laminated QChnstructionand' comprises a plate 36 of copper crlo'th'er suitable material and coated on one face 'witlian adhesivetfa'an'd coated on the opposite face with solder 38. The adhesivecoating 35 has the property of becomingisoinewhat soft and tacky when the plate 32 i'sfsubjcted to a predefterminefcl elevated temperature. By means of a t at the p1ate132 can be secured to an etched'area'28 or 3 ton the crystal 21 as required. In Eigs.,9 and a plate 32 has been secured to te nager fiat surface 'zeorthe crystal 2] and anetherjplate 33, like the plate 32 has been secure'dtothe major hat surface so of the crystal 2 1, After the crystal has been equipped with the plates 'the crystalcan be subjected to a further Elevated temperature to cure the adhesive 35. htter the plate -32 has beensecured to the crystal i213 S'Hshown in, Fig. 1 7', canbe secured by n lof s olderfto the plate-fiz to form a lead 8; ihe crysta1 2! as shown in Fig. 23."

After the plate 53 has been secured to the crystal 2? another lead wire 39 for the crystal 21 can be secured by means of solder to the plate 33. During the attachment of a wire to a plate on the crystal a body of solder 49 of frusto-conical form as shown in Fig. 18, is built up over the plate 34 and partway along the wire as will be subsequently more fully described; After the crystal 2? has been equipped with a required lead wire a coating 4| of metal can be formed on a major flat surface of the crystal 2'! as shown in Figs. 19

and. 26, the coating 4| of metal extending over and into engagement with the body of solder 40 and thus serving as an electrical connection between the sur face of the crystal 2! and the lead wire 38.

Rlcte holding and attaching apparatus spaced apart and secured to the base 43, the supports 48 and 49 extending upwardly from the base 43. The heating heads 44 and are alike in structure and adescription and understanding of the structure or" the heating head 44 will sufiice for understanding of the structure of the heatinghead 45. h

The heating head 44 comprises a tubularbody Ellsupported in which is a longitudinally movable hollow arm 5lconnecting with 'a lo ngitudinally movable pipe 52 connected to a hose 53 of a pneumatic suction apparatus, not shown. The pipe 52 and the arm 5! project from the body 58 and can be manually moved lengthwise in the body against the action of a return spring 54 supported on the pipe 52 andlocated betweenacollar 55 on the pipe52 and the head portion 55 of a hollow screw 51 having screw'threads engaged with one end portion of the body 55. Fhe cellar 55 is held in adjusted position. on the pipe 52 by 111321133 W56 i SFi 5 whi e -i n through the icollar 55. and into engagement with the pipe 5 Thsh llqi rewfi is e u pe w th 1 nuts 53-49 to. hold the hollow screw 51 in adjusted position in the body 59. Thebody 50 end tliro sh andi upporte in a bo d block portion 60 of a mountingfil, an apertured and inv rt d -shased bo y q 'tion 6 o wh is equipped with a stem 63 which extends through the apertured leg portions 54 and .ofthe inverted uj-shaped body portiontz of the mounting;6 l; -'1 he leg portion 65 of the inverted U-shaped body portion 62 is aperturedto. accommoda ta thread d pprtion 660i the stem t3 and a nut 61 is supported on the threaded portion .66

of the stem at to act as alocknutl The stem-63 andT-theibody portion' 62 of the mounting 6| 14.to'the grooved; block 68. The stem 83has'a knurled head 14 on one end providing ameans by which the stem 63 can be manually held against rotation While the nut 811s adjustedto a required position to adjust the tension of a spring I34. wardly from the body 59 is an. apertured arm 15 equipped at its lower end portion with a manually adjustable stop screw 16, an unthreaded end portion 11 of which is arranged to extend into a slot 18 formed in a track bar 19 secured by means 01': screws 89 to the base 43. The track bar 19 is in spacedrelation with a similar trackbar 8.I and.

each track bar 19 and 8 I is provided with anoverhangportion 82 for a purpose to be subsequently explained. Secured on top of the track bar 19 by means of screws 83 is an insulating-block 84 in a recess95 of which are secured. terminal plates 86 and 81 to which are respectively connected wires 88 and89of a paired and insulatingly cov-' ered lead 99. fanned out from a cable 9I which extends under the base 43 and is connected to a suitable'source of current supply, not shown.

A heating coil 92 is provided to heat the hollow arm '5I as required. The heating coil 92 is electrically energizable and extends around and in spaced relation with the hollowarm to radiantly heat the hollow arm 5| Ends of the heating coil 92 extend into an apertured terminal block 93 of insulating material mounted on the body 59. Pin-type contacts .94 and 95 are supported in spaced relation inthe terminal block 93 and extend downwardly from the terminal block 93 to meet the respective fixed terminal plates 86 and 81 in the insulating block 84 when thehead 44 is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. One end of the heating coil 92 is electrically connected to the. pin-type contact 94 and the other end is electrically connected to the pintype contact 95. When the head 44 is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and electrical current is being supplied by way of the conductors 88 and 89, the heating coil 92 is electrically energized to heat the hollow arm 5I. shown in Fig. 4, the hollow arm 5| has a recess 96 formed in its outer end portion to accommodate aplate 32 to be attached to a crystal 21.

The crystal 21 as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 is. held in a jig 91 constructed as clearly shown in Figs. 14, and 16 and this jig 91 is used in two operations, first in the operation of securing a plate 32 to 'the crystal 21, and, second, in the operation of attaching wires to the plates on the crystal 21. will be subsequently described, is removably supported in a slide 98, shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and which rests on the upper surface of the base 43 of the apparatus 42.

The slide 98 comprises a base block 99 supported on which and in spaced relation are two upright walls I99 and I9I secured by means of screws I92 to the base block 99. The walls I99 and IN are grooved to receive edge portions of one of the plate-like parts of the jig 91. The base block 99 of the slide 98 has upwardly extending flanges I93-I93 arranged to'ride-under and frictionally engage the overhangs 82 on the track bars 19 and 8I. The slide 98 can be moved transversely with respect to the base 43 between the track bars 19 and 8| to bring the crystal 21 supported in the jig 91 to a required position relative to the heads 44 and 45. The micrometerlike stems 46 and 41 are of conventional structure and form and are supportedin apertured Secured to and extending down As clearly The jig 91, the structure of which a,

brackets..l94 .and I95, respectively, which are secured by means of screws I96 to the base 43, the micrometer-like stems .46 and 41 being idisposed about mid-way along the base 43 and-being arranged to extend at right angles with respect to'the heads 44 and 45 which extend lengthwise withrespect to thebase .43. movable-shaft I91 in the micrometer-like stem 49. bears against one end of the slide 98 and the lengthwise movable shaft I98 in the micrometer-.- like,.stem.,41 bears against the other end ofthe slide 98. ,By manual adjustment of the micrometer-like-.,stems 46 and 41 theslide 98 can be moved backand'forth as required on the base, 43.

The jig 91', as shown in Figs. 14, 15 and '16, comprises apertured clamp plates I99 and I19 held in parallel relation by pairs of screws I I I 'III and II2I I2. Each screw II I-- III extends'through an unthreaded aperture H3 in the clamp plate I99 and into threaded'engagement with the clamp plate H9 and is supported in the clamp-plate II9. A helical spring H4 is disposed between the head of the screw III and the outer surface of the clamp plate I99 to urge thecl'amp plate I99 towards the clamp plate H9. Each screw I I2 extends through and in threaded engagement with the clamp plate I09and into endwise bearing engagement with the clamp plate |I 9.- The screws III-I II are arranged diagonally on the jig 91 with respect to each other and the screws II2--I I2 are arranged diagonally with respect to each other.

A relatively long aperture I I 5 is formedin the clamp plate-I89, the aperture II-5 extending considerably more than half the distance across the plate I99 and opening to one edge portion of the plate I99. A relatively long aperture H6 is also formed in the clamp plate I19 and corresponds to and is in register with the aperture H5 in the clamp plate I99. The apertures H5 and H6 provide entrances through the jig 91 leading to a crystal 21 when the crystal 21 is held in the jig 91. To prepare the jig 91 for receiving the crystal, the screws II2-I I2 are suitably turned to move the clamp plates I99 and I19 apart a sufiicient distance to accommodate the crystal, the distance being at least equal to the thickness of the crystal 21. The clamp plates I99 and H9 in moving apart do so against the action of the springs II4II4. After the crystal is inserted in the jig 91 to a predetermined position, the screws II2I I2 are suitably turned so that the crystal I21 is clamped between the clamp plates I99 and H9 by action of the springs II4. After the crystal 21 has been clamped in the jig 91, the crystal and the jig 91 can be mounted in the slide 98 by inserting edge portions of the clamp plate H9 in grooves H1 and H8 formed in the upright walls I99 and IOI, respectively, of the slide 98. Prior to the mounting of the jig 91 in the slide 98 the heads 44 and 45 can be tilted up fromthe position hown in Fig; 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3 to get the hollow arms 5| of the heads 44 and 45 out of the way of the jig 91 when the jig 91 is being placed in the slide 98. After the jig 91 has been placed in the slide 98, the crystal 21 and the jig 91 can be moved to a required position in the apparatus 42 by suitable manual operations of the micrometer-like stems .46 and 41. The heads 44 and 45 are subsequently swung downward to the position shown in Fig. 2.

In the position shown in Fig. 3, plates 32 to be subsequently secured to the crystal 21 can be The lengthwise readily inserted in the. hollow arms SI of the heads 44 and 45', the plate 32 after insertion in the hollow arm 51 being held in place by atmospheric' pressure when air is being exhausted from the interior of the headsi44 and45 by operation of the pneumatic suction apparatus (not shown) but which is in connection with the heads 44 and 45: by way of the hose 53 leading from the head 44' and the hose H9 leading from the'head 45. When the heads 44 and. 45 are in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pin type contacts 94 and: 95 in the head 44' are in engagement with therespective fixed terminal plates 86' and 81 so that current can 'be supplied to the heating coil 92 in the head 44 by way of the respective conductors 88 and 39 in the paired lead 90. The pin type contacts 94 and 95 in the head 45 engage corresponding fixed terminal plates 80 and 81 supported below the head; 45 and which are in electrical connectionwiththe conductors I and I2I, respectively fanned out from a paired lead I22 extending'from the cable 9|. Assuming that current is being supplied through the cable 9I and'that the heads 44 and are in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. the heating coil 92 in the head 44 is operating to heat the hollow arm 5| in that head and the heating coil 92 in the head 45-is operating to heat the hollow arm 5I in the head 45. Movement oflthe heads 44 and 45 to thepositionshownin Fig. 3-will disconnect the pintype terminals 94 and S5'from the respective fixed terminal plates 83 and 81 to cut off the supply of current to the heating coil 92.

As hereinbefore pointed out, the apparatus 42 provides an apparatus for equipping a crystal 21 with the plates 32 and 33 and another apparatus which will hereinafter be identified as the wire holding and attaching apparatus I23 provides an apparatus for equipping the crystal 21 with required wires.- Subsequent to giving a. description of the wire holding and attaching apparatus I23, I will describe in detail how the plates32 and 33-are applied to the crystal 21 and how the wires are attached to the plates 32 and33.

: Wire holding and attaching apparatus holding and attaching apparatus 42 but with the exception that the heads inthe wireholdin'g and attaching apparatus are constructed to hold wires and: apply wires to plates on the crystal. In; the interest of. shortening the description of the wire holding and attaching apparatus I23 parts therein which are identical with partsin the plate holding' and attaching apparatus 42 are given the same identifying numbers in" both descriptions and will be only briefly described or mentioned in thedescription of the wire'holding and attaching apparatus I 23i The wire holding and attaching apparatus [23 is-operable to hold a wire 31 shown in Fig; 17, bring the wire 3-1 into engagement with a plate 32 on the crystal 21, heat the wire-31 and bring the heated wire 31 into engagement with the plate 32, in order "to solder'connect the wire 31 to the plate 32 to attain the structure shown in'Fig. 18, in which the wire 31 becomes the'wire 38, connected to the plate 34 bynieans' of a body' of solder 40. r r

The wire holding and attaching apparatus I23 as shown in Figs. l2'and-l3 comprises a base 43, the micrometer-likestems- 46 and 41, the supports 40 and49,-rncuntings 6I-5I, stems 63-43,

'the'head I24 can then be tilted to-the grooved-block 6868, track bars 19 and SI, insulating blocks 8484, terminal plates. 86 and 81, terminal blocks 9393, pin type contacts 94 and 95, slide 90, base block 99 and heating heads I24 and I25. The jig 91 shown in Figs; l4, l5 and 16 and previously described can be used in the wire holding and attaching apparatus I23 in the same manner as in the plate holding and attach-. ing apparatus 42 and is shown in Figs. l1, l2 and 13 as supported in the slide 98.

The heating heads I24 and I25 in the apparatus I23 are alike in structure and as shown. in Figs. 12 and 13, the heating head I24 comprises a'tubular body I26 supportedv by a mounting 6| which has been previously described. Supported on one end of the tubular body I26 is a hollow'tip I21 in which is secured a tubular needle I28 shown clearly in Figs. 20 and 21. The tubular needle I23 extends outwardly endwise from the hollow tip I21 and is surrounded'by an electrically energizable heating coil I29 which when electrically energized will radiantly heat the tubular needle I28. The tubular needle I23 can bed a character and similar to a so-called hypodermic needle and is constructed to receive Within its bore a. major portion of the shank of the headed wire 31 shown in Fig. 17. When the headed wire 31 is suitably placed in' th tubular needle I28 and the heating coil I29 iselectrically energized, the headed wire 31 will be heated. Located within the bore of the tubular body I26 and extending into the bore of the tip I21 is a plunger I30 urged lengthwise by means of a spring I3I, one end of which engages the plunger I30 while the other and engages an adjustmentscrew I32 which is screw threadedly supported in the body I25 and extends outwardly from the body to permit adjustment of the pressure of thespringj I3I against: the plunger I30. The adjustmentscr'ew I32-is equipped-with a locknult I33. to hold the adjustment screw I32v inv adjusted position. When theheaded wire 31'isinserted in the'tubular needle I28, one end of the headed wire. 31 bears against: the spring pressed plunger I30 which presses the headed wire S'Iagainst the plate Men the crystal 21 when the'crystal 21 and-:the. head. I24. are in the positions shown in Fig. 12. The: spring. pressed plunger I30 will continue.- to urge the headed wire 31 toward the crystal 2:11 until the 'headed' wire 31' comes into solder;connectionwith the plate portion 34 of the. plate 32 shown in Fig. 18. When the wire 31? is. in solder connection with the plate 32, the supply-of current to the heating coil' I29 can be switched off by operation of a time switch (not shown) but in control of the supply of current of the heating coil'l29'. The solder will then cool so'that the wire 31" will be secured to theplate 32. The head I24 can then be't hrust away from the crystal 21 against the action of the spring I34 which normally urges the invertedU-shaped body 62 of the-mounting GI and the head I 24 toward'theposition Ofthe crystal 2 1'. When. the

head I24 is moved away from the crystal. 21' the tubular needle- I28 will slide oil the Wire 30 and shown in Fig. 13.

Description in detail of operationsv of the-plate etched-'asshown in Fig. 6 isiplaced in the jig 91 shown in Figs. 14, 15 and 16. The jig 91 with position "the crystal 21' therein is heated to a predetermined temperature in a suitable heating device (not shown). The heads 44 and 45 of the apparatus 42 shown in Figs. land 2 are tilted to'the position shown in Fig. 3. The plate 32 i placed in the recess '96 in the hollow arm of the head 44 so that the plate 32 closes one end of the-bore in the holis turned on to exhaust air from the hollow arms '5I so that atmospheric pressure will hold the plates 32 and 33 in the hollow arms 5!. The

heated jig 91 with the crystal 21 therein is placed inthe slide 98 in the position shown in Fig. 3 and theslide 98 is moved by means of the micrometer-like stems 46 and 41 to a required position on The plate 33 esteem the base 43. The heads 44 and 45 are swung downward from" the position shown in Fig. 3'to the'positionshown in Fig.2. In this position "th pin type contacts 94 and 95 engage the fix terminal plates 86 and 81"respectively to allow electric current to flow t the heatin coils 92-42. The hollow arms 5I5I ofthe heads 44 and 45 are therefore heated and the plates 32 and 33 are heated to somewhat soften and render tacky the adhesive coating35 oneach plate 32 and 33. The movable pipes 52-52 in the heads 44 and 45 are manually thrust toward, the

. crystal 21 againstthe action of the springs 54 untilgthe adhesive coatedfsurfaces of theplates 3 2 and 33 engage the heated crystal 21 as shown in Fig. 5. The pressure on the pipes 52-52 'can be continued until the adhesive coatings on the plates 32 and 33 slightly spread over portions of the crystal 21 as shownin Fig. 10. The pressure on the pipes 52--52 is then released to allow the hollow arms 5I-'-5I to move away from the position of the crystal 21 under-the action of the springs 5454, to leave the plates 32 and 33 on the crystal 21, the adhesive coatings on-the plates being s'ufiiciently tacky'toovercome the atmospheric pressure formerly holding the plates in "the hollow arms 5I.

Theheads 44 and 45 can then be swung upward to the position shown in Fig. 3 in which position the heating coils 92 are no longer energized since the pin typ contacts '94 and95 are out of engagement with the respective terminal plates 86 and 81.

a v I The adhesive coatings on the plates 32 and 33 upon hardening will securely hold the plates 32 and 33 on the crystal 21. j a

After the plates 32 and 33 are attached to the crystal 21, the heated jig 91 with the crystal therein is removed from the apparatus and transferred to the apparatus I23 shown in'Figs. 12 and v l3jthe heads I 24 and I25 being in the position shown in Fig. 13. With the heads I 24 and I25 1 in this position, a headed wire 31 shown in Fig.17 'is placed in each tip I21 with the solder coating asrequired to receive the headed wires to be attached to the plates on the crystal. The heads I24 and I25 of the apparatus I23 are'then swung downward from the position shown in Fig. 13 to by way of the cable SI.

and 39.

the position shown in Fig. 12. In this position,

"the heads I241 and I25 are urged by the springs I34 in the mountings BI towards the cryst'alin 'the jig' 91 and by reason of the springfpres'sed plungers I30 in the heads I24 and I25; the wires 31 are urged against the plates on the crystal and so that the solder coating I 35 on each wire is pressed against a solder coating 36 on a plate-32 or'33 as'the case maybe. I I

In the position shown in Fig. 12' the heating coils I29 in the head I24 and I25 are energized since the pin type contacts 94 and 95 are inenag'e'ment with the r'espectiye fixed terminal )lates 86 and 81 supplied with electricalcurre'nt The headed wires'supported in the heads I24 and I25 are therefore heated tomelt the solder coating I35 on each headed wire and the solder coating 36 on each plate while the. wires are being thrust by means Zoflthe spring pressed plungers I30 toward the "crystal. Under the heat and pressure'applied to the headed wires, the solder coating. I 35 on each wire and the solder coating 36 on'an engaged plate 32, for instance, unite and the molten solder moves for the most part back of thehead onthe wire to form as shown in Fig. 18 the frusto-conical bodyof solder 40 serving when 'cool to secure the wire to the plate. The solder can be allowed to cool cutting off the current suppliedto the cable 9 I by means of'a switch (not shown) but i'n control of the supply of current to the cable '9 I.

f headed wires therein can be restored to the position shown in Fig. 13. When the heads I24 and I25 are manually moved lengthwise away from the crystal 21, the tubular needles I28 in the heads I24 and I25 slide ofi the wires attached to the crystal.

In the position shown in Fig. 13, the jig 91 with I the crystal therein, can be removed from the slide 33 in the apparatus I23. The crystal 21withits attached lead wires 38 and 39, shown in Fig. 23, can then be taken out of the jig 91, the screws I I2 in the jig 91 being operated to force the clamp plates I09 and I I0 apart against the action of the springs II4.

After the crystal equipped with the wires 38 and 1 39 has been removed from the jig 31, the metal coatings M are applied to major fiat surfaces of the crystal, to form the finished crystal shown in Fig.26. The metal coating 4I extends over a major fiat surface of the crystal and also over edge portions of the adhesive layer and the plate andis continued over the frusto-conical body of solder 40. The'kind of material used in the metal coating and the method of application are mat- "ters of choice but could for instance be a coating of gold applied by an evaporation processto the crystal.

In Figs. 22, 24 and 25, a crystal I36 is equipped with lead wires I31, I38, I39 and I40. The crystal I 36 ha been equipped with the lead wire I31; I38, I39 and I40 in the same manner as the crystal 211s equipped with the lead wires 38 In equipping the crystal I36 with the four lead wires I31, I38, I39 and I40, it is found advantageous to use the apparatus I4I shown in Fig. 11.

The apparatus I4I shown in Fig. 11 is a modifiead wires I31, 138, I139 and'MO, shown'in Fiazzi,

cation of-the wire holding and attaching apperatus- |23'shown in Figsll2 and '13 and alreadyldescribed, the difference being that inlthe'apparatus I41 shown in Fig. 11, the vtips 142-142 are each .constructedto hold two wires insteadof one.

Two tubular needl'es'instead of one are provided 1 in each tip and two heating coils are provided on each tip to radiantly heat the tubular needles. Two spring pressed plungei's'arealso, providedin eachhead I24 and I25 tourg'e the iwire iagainst plates attached to' the crystal; Ihepressure of the springpressed plu'ngers'jcan be regulated by l adjusting the adjustmentsc'rews I 43, 144,; l and |.,45f.supported in the heads I24 and I25 an'dcorresponding to the adjustment screw I 32 shown "in Fig. 12.

,jI havefound thatwhen a crystal is in a predetermined heated condition and is equippedwith iour plates, secured to the crystal by meansof adhesive in the same manner as shown' inFig. 10, .I can'by usingthe, apparatus J 4| shown inFigJll simultaneously equip the crystal with. the four without fracturing the crystal I36.

1 After"the fourleadwires'are secured infplace i on the'crystal l 3.6, the metal coatings I41, MB; 149 I and I can be'applied, eachof the metal coatings jjextending over a required part; of the crystal and fever portionsof the wire connection shown.

Althoughthe crystal has been shown and de- "scribed' as. having an etched surface it has been Iound unnecessary in some cases toetch thecrystal and that Wires can be attached to the unetched crystal in accordance with the invention.

fl. LAplate holding and attaching apparatus for equipping a crystal with an ad'hesively coated plate comprising a support for the crystal, a "movable tubularhead operable to move toward 1 and away from the crystal, a tubular arm supported in said head and operable to hold the "adhesively coated plateand bring the adhesiyely coated plate intoengagementwith the crystal, a pneumatic suction line extending to said tubular head and in communication with saidtubular armand operableto conditionsaid tubular arm for lightlyl holdingthe adhesively coatedplate and a. heater coil extending around, said tubular fan'nan'd operable to heat said tubular arm and the adhesively coated plate supported thereby Lduringthe, operation of moving the adhesively -coated plate into engagement with the. crystal.

A plateholding and attaching apparatus for equipping a crystal with an ladhesively. coated plate .comprisingasupport for the crystal, a-movabletubular head operable to move toward and away from the crystal, a tubular arm operable to move lengthwise in said tubular head and constructed to hold the adhesively coated plate in engagement with the crystal, a pneumatic-suctionfline extending into said tubular head and in communication with said tubulararm and operable to condition said'tubular arm for lightly Q holding the adhesively coated plate in said tubular arm, an electrically energizable heater coil extending around said tubular arm and operable .to fheat said tubular arm and the adhesively cqat'edplate supported therein, spaced terminal plates in electrical connection with a source of current supply for said heater coil and spaced contacts carried by said movable tubular head Land operable to engage said spaced terminal ilplatesfiand transmit electrical current tosaid heater coil when said movable tubular head and said tubular arm are moved into a position for bringing the adhesively coated plate into engagement with the crystal.

3. A plate holding andattaching apparatus for equipping a crystal with adhesively I coated plates comprising a base, support means on .said 7 base to support the crystal in a required position, a pair of tiltableand lengthwise movable heads supported on saidbase and operable to move toward and-away from the crystal, arms extending from and movablysupported insaid heads and operable to pneumatically hold the adhesively coated platesin engagement with the crystal and heater coilsonrsaid heads and operable .to heat said arms and the adhesively coated plates when the adhesively coated plates are *beingap- -;plied to the-crystal.

' 4. A plate holding-andattachingapparatus for equipping'a crystal with adheslvely coated plates comprising-a base, a pair of tiltable-and lengthwise movable heads mounted on said base :and movable toward and away from each'other, a slide mova'bly supported on said base and between the positions of said heads, a jig supporting thecrystal and mounted in-said slide, arms supported in said headsand operabletomove lengthwise ofsaid heads, said arms being-operable -to support the adhesively coatedplates and bringtheplates-into engagement with the crystal and electrically 'energ izableheater coils on said arms and-operable to heatsaid arms and the ,adhesively coated plates supported therein when the-adhesively coated plates in said arms are being brought by means of said arms into en gagement with the crystal.

. 5.--A wire holding and attaching apparatus for equipping a plate l equipped crystal with a wire comprising a support for the plate equippedcrystal, a movable head operableto move toward and away from thecrystal, a tubularneedle supported in saidmovable-head and operable to support-a wire for attachmentto the plate on-the crystal by means of;solder material disposed between the wire supported in said tubular needlewand the plate on the crystal and a heater extending around said tubularneedle and operableto heat said tubular needle-and the wire supported therein and. reduce the solder between the wire and theplate .on the crystal to-a molten condition i when the wire isbrought into engagement with .the plate on the crystal.

around-said tubular needle and operable to heat said tubular needleand the wire supported therein and a spring .pressed plunger in said. headand operable to urge thewire supported insaidtubular needle outwardly and against the plate on the crystal,

7. Awire holding and attachingapparatus for attaching wires to plates on a crystal comprising a base, a movable support onsaid base forsupporting the crystal, fixed supports on saidbase, a pair of mountings tiltably, supportedon said fixed supports lengthwise. movable armsv inisaid mountings, a pair'of tubular heads mountedon said lengthwise. movable arms and operable to move toward and away from the crystal atu- 13 bular needle supported in each head and extending therefrom and in' communication with the bore in each head, each of said tubular needles being operable to support a solder tipped wire to be attached to a, plate on the crystal, a spring pressed plunger in each head and operable to urge the wire in the tubular needle against a plate on the crystal and so that the solder tip on the wire is against the plate on the crystal and a heater coil encircling each tubular needle and operable to heat the tubular needle and the wire supported therein while the solder tip on the Wireis against the plate on'the crystal.

8. A wire holding and attaching apparatus for attaching wires to plates on a crystal comprising a, base, a support on said'base for the crystal, a pair of tiltable and longitudinally movable heads mounted on said base and operable to move toward-and away from the crystal, a pair of tubular needles mounted on and extending from said heads and operable to support a pair of wires in position for securement to plates on the crystal by means of solder, solder material on the plates on the crystal and heater coils surrounding said tubular needles and-operable to heat said tubular needles, the wires therein and the the solder material on the plates when the wires supported in said tubular needles are in bearing engagement with the plates on the crystal.

9. A wire holding and attaching apparatus for equipping a plate equipped crystal with wires comprising a support for the plate equipped crystal, a movable tubular head operable to move toward and away from the crystal, a plurality of tubular needles supported in and extending from said head and. in communication with the bore of said tubular head, said tubular needles being operable to receive and support wires to be attached to plates on the crystal, heater coils extending around said tubular needles and operable to heat said tubular needles and the wires supported therein and spring pressed plungers in said head and operable to urge the wires supported in said tubular needles outwardly and against the plates on the crystal.

10. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with cooperating elements comprising a base, a support for the crystal positioned on said base, a movable head mounted from said base operable to move toward and away from the crystal, a hollow arm supported in said movable head and operable to hold the cooperating element in engagement with the crystal, and a heater encompassing said arm to radiantly heat said arm and said cooperating element supported thereby during the operation of moving the cooperating element against the crystal.

11. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with a cooperating element comprising a support for the crystal, a movable tubular head operable to move toward and away from the crystal, a tubular arm operable to move lengthwise in said tubular head and to hold the cooperating element in engagement with the crystal, an electrically energizable heater coil extending around said tubular arm and operable to heat said tubular arm and the cooperating element supported, thereby, spaced terminal plates in electrical connection with a source of current supply for said heater coil, and spaced contacts carried by said movable tubular head and operable to engage said spaced terminal plates and transmit electrical current to said heater coil when said tubular head and said tubular arm are moved into a position for bring- 14 ing the cooperating element into engagement with the crystal.

12. An apparatus, for equipping a crystal with cooperating elements comprising a base, a pair of tiltable and lengthwise movable heads mounted on said base and movable toward and away from each other, a slide movably supported on said base and between the positions of said heads, means supporting the crystal and mounted in said slide, arms supported in said heads and operable to move lengthwise of said heads, said arms being operable to support the cooperating elements and bring the elements into engagement with the crystal, and electrically energizable heater coils on said arms and operable to heat said arms and the cooperating elements supported thereby when the cooperating elements insaid arms are ,being brought by means of said arms into engagement with the crystal.

13. A plate holding and attaching apparatus for equipping a crystal with an adhesively coated plate comprising a support for the crystal, at movable head operable to move toward and away from the crystal, an arm supported in said movable head, pneumatic means cooperating with said arm to hold the adhesively coated plate in en gagement with the crystal, and heater means extending around said arm and operable to radiantly heat said arm and the adhesive coated plate supported thereby during the operation of moving the adhesively coated plate against the crystal.

14. A heating head for apparatus for equipping crystals with cooperating elements comprising a hollow arm, pneumatic means holding the cooperating element in said arm, and means for heating said cooperating element in said arm, said second means comprising a heating coil extending around said arm and operable to radiantly heat said arm.

15. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with a cooperating element comprising a base member, a support for the crystal mounted on said base member, a movable tubular head operable to move towards or away from the crystal, means rotatably mounting said head from said base for motion in a plane perpendicular to said base, a tubular arm in said tubula head and operable to hold the cooperating element in engagement with the crystal, an electrically energizable heating coil extending around said tubular arm and operable to radiantly heat said arm and the cooperating element supported thereby, electrical contact means carried by said movable tubular head and connected to said coil, and cooperating electrical contact means mounted by said base in electrical connection with a source of current supply for said heater coil, current being transmitted through said cooperating contact means to said coil when said tubular head and said tubular arm are rotated into a position parallel to said base for bringing the cooperating element into engagement with the crystal.

16. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with a cooperating element in accordance with claim 15, wherein said cooperating element is an adhesively coated plate and comprising pneumatic means connected to said tubular arm cooperating to hold the adhesively coated plate in engagement with the crystal.

17. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with a cooperating element in accordance with claim 15, wherein said cooperating element is a wire for attachment to a plate secured to the crystal and said tubular arm is a needle having an extended aperture into which the wire extends and by which it is held in engagement with the crystal.

.18. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with a cooperating element comprising a base, a hollow head mounted from said base and movable longitudinally toward or away from the crystal, a hollow arm supported in said hollow head and operable to hold the cooperating element in engagement with the crystal, means cooperating with said hollow head to move said cooperating element towards the crystal, said means including aspring, and an electrically energizable-heater coil extending around said hollow arm to radiantly heat said arm and said cooperating element supported thereby. p

19. An apparatus for equipping a crystal with a cooperating element in accordance with claim 18,

wherein the cooperatingelement is a wire for extends and by crystal.

16- extended aperture therein into which the. wire which it is held against the ARTHUR W. ZIEGLER;

appearances CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

' UNITED STATES PATENTS, V

282,346 Great Britain Nov. 29, 1928 

